An Exception was encountered at 'In [11]'.

Important: This page contains estimations that were not calculated by an epidemiologist.

Based on data up to: 2021-09-27

Execution using papermill encountered an exception here and stopped:

Use dropdown menu to select specific age range

- Hover the mouse over a country for a risk comparison to some sports and travel modes.
- "Micromorts" are a measure of risk equal to 1 in a Million probability of death.
- Risk of death calculated for the unvaccinated or not previosly infected.

Tip: The map is zoomable and draggable. Double click to reset.

Appendix: assumptions, explanations.

  • Monthly risk calculation: $$ Monthly\,Risk = Infection\,Fatality\,Rate_{age\,group} \cdot P_{montly\,infection}\\\,\\ P_{montly\,infection} = 1 - (1 - P_{daily\,infection}) ^ {30\,days}\\\,\\ P_{daily\,infection} = \frac{Actively\,Infected\,\%\cdot Transmission\,Rate\,\%} {1 - Actively\,Infected\,\% - Recovered\,or\, Dead\,\%} \\ $$
  • Why is everything "monthly"? The main actionable question this analysis aims to help answer is "How much risk is someone taking by not getting vaccinated now? What is the risk of waiting another month?". A daily timescale for this question is too short due to not being actionable, and on a scale much longer than a month the underlying data for calculations will change substantially (e.g. transmission rates, currently infected population) to not offer a reasonable appoximation. So a month felt to me as roughly the right time scale for the risk aggregation that is both easy to think about and should still be roughly correct.
  • Assumptions & limitations:
    • The esposure is assumed to be average exposure typical of that country (as it manifests in the recent case and deaths data). Protective measures (e.g. masks) and self isolation should of course reduce the risk (if practiced more than the average for that population at that time).
    • Susceptible population is assumed to not yet be vaccinated. When vaccination prevalence will become substantial, data will become available, and calculations can be adjusted. The risk estimates are for regular susceptible population. People who have been infected already are excluded (as recovered).
    • All rates and percentages such as: transmission rate, active and recovered percentages are assumed to be constant during the month to keep the monthly calculation simple. This is of course NOT true. However although these rates do change, they usually change slowly enough for the likely result to still be of the same order of magnitude. It is possible to use values from a predictive model for this, but they too have errors (as they too are simplistic). For this analysis I preferred to go with the simple to calculate / understand approximation with a well understood error, than with the complex to calculate / understand approximation with an unknown error.
    • All the additional assumptions from estimations appendix in estimations & projections notebook
  • Vaccination effect on risk:
    • The risk for the vaccinated is not calculated here. It is currently widely assumed that the reported Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech might reduce the chance of infection by around 90%.
    • While there are well founded estimates for the effect on infection chance, the effect on IFR (fatality rate) is much less known: how does vaccination affect the severity of the desease if infected? Answering this will require studying millions of vaccinated people, so will only be available later.
  • Additional related analyses: